General
From Wiki.voidnet.us
[edit] Space usage
du -h --max-depth=1 /
On a Solaris box:
du -s `ls -l|grep drwx|awk {'print $9'}
[edit] Perl CPAN shell
perl -MCPAN -e shell
[edit] Increase open file handler limit
- Edit /etc/sysctl.conf.
fs.file-max=16384 kernel.sem = 256 65535 256 512
- Change kernel Settings
echo 256 65535 256 512 > /proc/sys/kernel/sem sysctl -w fs.file-max=16384
[edit] NTP stuff
ntpq -p (shows sources)
/etc/ntp.conf
comment out # --- OUR TIMESERVERS ----- section add ip of dc time server to general config:
server time.iad1.rackspace.com prefer restrict 69.20.0.164 mask 255.255.255.255 nomodify notrap server 127.127.1.0 # local clock fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 10
[edit] SSH only root can log in
sshd_config: #UsePrivilegeSeparation yes set to no
[edit] RS IPs
# US/UK Non-Routable: 10.0.0.0/12 (10.0.0.0/255.240.0.0) 10.225.225.0/26 (10.225.225.0/255.255.255.192) 10.235.235.0/26 (10.235.235.0/255.255.255.192) 10.230.255.0/24 (10.230.255.0/255.255.255.0) # General US Rackspace Routable Network: 64.39.0.0/23 (64.39.0.0/255.255.254.0) # General UK Routable Network: 212.100.225.32/27 (212.100.225.32/255.255.255.224) # Backup/Storage/Patching, (Dallas/Fort Worth, US): 10.250.0.0/23 (10.250.0.0/255.255.254.0) 10.5.97.0/24 (10.5.97.10/255.255.255.0)
[edit] Urchin Migration Instructions
http://www.google.com/support/urchin45/bin/answer.py?answer=28511&topic=7391
[edit] Reset Urchin Password
uconf-driver action=set_parameter table=user name="(admin)" ct_password=urchin
[edit] Lower qmail queue life
/var/qmail/control/queuelifetime
[edit] Webmin Back door
Edit
/etc/webmin/miniserv.users
yy p to add new user
Edit
/etc/webmin/webmin.acl
yy p to add new user
changepass.pl /etc/webmin <user> <passwd>
[edit] Check for semephors
ipcs
Kill a bunch of semephors:
for i in `ipcs |grep apache |awk '{print $2}'`; do ipcrm -s $i; done
[edit] Tomcat SSL cert install
Generate the pkcs12 file: (After creating the .key and .crt files)
openssl pkcs12 -export -out keystore.pkcs12 -in www.crt -inkey www.key
Verify new pkcs12 file:
keytool -list -v -keystore 2006-www.tsscart.com.pkcs12 -keypass SdLTo8k6 -storetype pkcs12
Install Cert in /path/to/tomcat/conf/server.xml
<Connector address="72.32.6.169" port="443" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192"
maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"
enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true"
acceptCount="100" scheme="https" secure="true"
clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS"
keystoreFile="/usr/local/tomcat/conf/certs/2006-www.tsscart.com.pkcs12"
keystoreType="PKCS12"
keystorePass="SdLTo8k6"/>
[edit] TCP SYN attack stuff
net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses=1 net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts=1 net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians=1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog="64" net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 3 net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all=0
[edit] Public/private key ssh stuff
ssh-keygen -b 1024 -C "Comment" -t dsa -f .ssh/id_dsa cp .ssh/keyname.pub to recieving machine in .ssh/authorized_keys
Enable
PubkeyAuthentication yes AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys
If root set:
PermitRootLogin yes chmod 600 .ssh/authorized_keys
[edit] rpmverify legend
S - File size differs M - Mode differs (permissions) 5 - MD5 sum differs D - Device number mismatch L - readLink path mismatch U - user ownership differs G - group ownership differs T - Modification time differs
[edit] After installing vacation on a sendmail box
ln -s /usr/bin/vacation /etc/smrsh/
[edit] awk foo
grep -R "Postcard.exe" ./* |awk -F: '{ print $1 }' |xargs rm -f
cat /var/log/httpd/access_log | awk {'print $1'} | sort | uniq -c | sort -n | less
[edit] hostname change on a RHEL box
/etc/hosts
/etc/sysconfig-network
[edit] Local tape based backups
To get the interactive version of 'restore', you will need to use the command line switch '-i'. You can also specify which filesystem backup you want to look at (the "file" mentioned in the _How Backup Are Made_section) by using the '-s' switch. Assuming that I have a normal partitioning scheme, the files on my tape will look like this:
File Partition Directory 1 /dev/hda1 /boot 2 /dev/hda5 /
This next example assumes that we want to restore an initrd image in /boot from the tape drive.
The first step is to move into the top level of the filesystem where we want to do the restore from. In this case, the filesystem will be "/dev/hda1", which is mounted on our system under "/boot".
[root@mybox /root]# cd /boot [root@mybox /boot]# mt -f /dev/tape rewind [root@mybox /boot]# restore -i -s 1 -f /dev/tape
After a short pause, I am now given a prompt that looks similar to this:
restore >
At this prompt, I can move around the filesystem on the tape the same as if it was on my hard drive. I can use the ls' and 'cd' commands just the same as if I was at a regular shell prompt.
When I find the file (or directory) that I want to extra, I use the 'add' command, then run 'extract to pull it off the tape and restore it to the hard drive.
Here's a sample run to restore the /boot/initrd-2.2.14-12.10RS.img file from a tape drive to the hard drive:
restore > ls .: .rackspace/ lost+found/ System.map map System.map-2.2.14-12.10RS module-info boot.0300 module-info-2.2.14-12.10RS boot.b os2_d.b chain.b vmlinux-2.2.14-12.10RS initrd-2.2.14-12.10RS.img vmlinuz restore > add initrd-2.2.14-12.10RS.img restore > extract You have not read any tapes yet. Unless you know which volume your file(s) are on you should start with the last volume and work towards the first. Specify next volume #: 1 set owner/mode for '.'? [yn] y restore > quit
For single tape tape drives, you only have one "volume", so when you are asked to specify the next volume, you simply enter "1". The question about setting owner/mode for the directory will restore the backup permissions for everything you have restored from tape to the exact same as they were when the tape was made.
[edit] Strip ^M from windows files
sed 's/^M/\/g' filename ^M is created by hitting <ctrl>-V <ctrl>-M
[edit] Thawt cert logo for customer sites
https://www.thawte.com/cgi/server/authentic.exe
[edit] Snapshot script for crashing boxes
http://www.transcendlinux.com/snapshot-script-for-crashing-boxes
[edit] 20 highest failed connections to server
grep Failed /var/log/secure* | sed -e "s/^.*from //g" | sed -e "s/ port.*$//g" | sort -n | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -20
[edit] Wicked 1 liners
rm -f times.out remotequeuetoa.out topsourceips.out; \
for msg in $(qmHandle -R | head -100 | grep --binary-files=text ^[0-9] \
| cut -f1 -d" ") ; do echo Found message: $msg ; zgrep -h $msg \
/usr/local/psa/var/log/maillog* | grep "uid 48" | \
awk '{print $2"/"$1"/"2007":"$3}' | cut -f1-3 -d":" \
>> times.out ; done ; echo Searching web logs ; \
for log in $(locate access_log | egrep -v "psa|mnt") ; \
do for time in `cat times.out` ; do echo "Searching for $time in $log" ; \
zgrep -H $time $log | egrep -v "webmail|sitebuilder" | egrep "POST|PUT" \
| grep " 200 " >> remotequeuetoa.out ; done ; done ; cat remotequeuetoa.out \
| cut -f2 -d":" | awk '{print $1}' | sort -n | uniq -c | sed -e "s/^ *//g" \
| sort -nr > topsourceips.out
grep "POST" remotequeuetoa.out | sed -e "s/ HTTP.*$//g" -e "s/\/statistics\/logs.*\"POST / /g" -e
"s^\/var\/www\/vhosts\///g" | sed -e "s/?.*$//g" | grep -v " 404 " | sort | uniq -c | sed -e "s/^
*//g" | sort -nr | head -30
zcat /etc/httpd/logs/*/access_log070308.gz | grep POST | awk '{ print $7 }' | sort | uniq -c | sort -rn
ipcalc -n `ifconfig|grep inet|grep 10.22|awk {'print $2'}|sed 's/addr://'`"/21"|sed 's/NETWORK=//'
[edit] Fix a broke ass ext3 journal
- umount /dev/hda3
- tune2fs -O ^has_journal /dev/hda3
- e2fsck /dev/hda3
- tune2fs -j /dev/hda3
- mount /dev/hda3
[edit] Turn off DNS recursion
option {
recursion no;
}
[edit] Configure SYSLOG for PIX
edit /etc/sysconfig/syslog
add SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-x -r -m 0"
edit /etc/syslog.conf
add local4.* /var/log/pix.log
change messages *.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none;local4.none /var/log/messages
[edit] Pix varialbes for timeout
fw# show timeout timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 rpc 0:10:00 h225 1:00:00
[edit] vi search and replace
%s/www.8e6.com \[/www.8e6.com - \[/g
[edit] Redhat SRPMS
ftp://ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/linux/
[edit] Cool IP list
[edit] Some rsync for good measure
rsync --archive --update --rsh=ssh /path/to/files user@dest_ip:/place/to/put/files
[edit] Install Urchin on FreeBSD 6.x
portsnap fetch portsnap extract install /usr/ports/misc/compat5x install urchin 5x tarball
[edit] openssl
Verify .key/.crt
openssl rsa -in 2006-admin.farmsresearch.com.key -noout -modulus openssl x509 -in ../ssl.crt/2006-admin.farmsresearch.com.crt -noout -subject -dates
Generate key/csr
openssl genrsa 1024 > /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.key/nameofkey.key openssl req -new -key /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.key/nameofkey.key > /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.csr/nameofcsr.csr
Self Signed CRT:
openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in server.csr -signkey server.key -out server.crt
[edit] pam_mysql virtual vsftpd users
/etc/pam.d/vsftpd
#%PAM-1.0 auth sufficient pam_mysql.so user=vsftpd passwd=BuogOcnoir host=localhost db=bvi2 table=users usercolumn=username passwdcolumn=password crypt=2 verbose=1 account sufficient pam_mysql.so user=vsftpd passwd=BuogOcnoir host=localhost db=bvi2 table=users usercolumn=username passwdcolumn=password crypt=2 verbose=1 auth optional pam_listfile.so item=user sense=deny file=/etc/vsftpd.ftpusers onerr=succeed auth requisite pam_stack.so service=system-auth auth optional pam_shells.so account requisite pam_stack.so service=system-auth session requisite pam_stack.so service=system-auth
/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf # # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable. # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults. # # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options. # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's # capabilities. # # Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out). # Anonymous access off by default -- Rackspace anonymous_enable=NO # # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in. local_enable=YES # # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command. write_enable=YES # # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022, # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's) local_umask=022 # # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user. #anon_upload_enable=YES # # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create # new directories. #anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES # # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they # go into a certain directory. dirmessage_enable=YES # # Activate logging of uploads/downloads. xferlog_enable=YES # # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data). connect_from_port_20=YES # # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not # recommended! #chown_uploads=YES #chown_username=whoever # # You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown # below. #xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log # # If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format xferlog_std_format=YES # # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session. #idle_session_timeout=600 # # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection. #data_connection_timeout=120 # # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user. #nopriv_user=ftpsecure # # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it, # however, may confuse older FTP clients. #async_abor_enable=YES # # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII # mangling on files when in ASCII mode. # Beware that turning on ascii_download_enable enables malicious remote parties # to consume your I/O resources, by issuing the command "SIZE /big/file" in # ASCII mode. # These ASCII options are split into upload and download because you may wish # to enable ASCII uploads (to prevent uploaded scripts etc. from breaking), # without the DoS risk of SIZE and ASCII downloads. ASCII mangling should be # on the client anyway.. #ascii_upload_enable=YES #ascii_download_enable=YES # # You may fully customise the login banner string: ftpd_banner=Welcome to the R-ethink dropbox # # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks. #deny_email_enable=YES # (default follows) #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.banned_emails # # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of # users to NOT chroot(). #chroot_list_enable=YES # (default follows) #chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list # # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it. #ls_recurse_enable=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd userlist_enable=YES #enable for standalone mode listen=YES tcp_wrappers=YES # Added for pam_mysql #nonpriv_user=vsftpd #virtual_use_local_privs=YES #chroot_local_user=YES #guest_enable=YES #guest_username=vsftpd #local_root=/home/vsftpd/$USER #user_sub_token=$USER #secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd #user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd_user_conf #chroot_local_user=YES #secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd pam_service_name=vsftpd guest_enable=YES guest_username=vsftpd local_root=/home/vsftpd/$USER user_sub_token=$USER virtual_use_local_privs=YES #user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd_user_conf
MySQL Table Structure:
mysql> describe users; +----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | username | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | | password | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | +----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
And thats it!
[edit] Verizon EVDO PC5750 PC Card setup
Plug the card into your PC card slot and check dmesg for the device:
ohci_hcd 0000:16:00.1: OHCI Host Controller ohci_hcd 0000:16:00.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 9 ohci_hcd 0000:16:00.1: irq 20, io mem 0x80001000 usb usb9: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice hub 9-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 9-0:1.0: 1 port detected usb 8-1: new full speed USB device using ohci_hcd and address 2 usb 8-1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice cdc_acm 8-1:1.0: ttyACM0: USB ACM device
We see here that the device is ttyACM0. Now add the following to your /etc/modprobe.conf:
#Broadband card options usbserial vendor=0x1410 product=0x2110 options airprime endpoints=1
Make sure that the usbserial and airprime kernel modules are loaded. Now create the following files:
/etc/ppp/peers/verizon:
noauth connect '/usr/sbin/chat -v -f /etc/ppp/peers/verizon_chat' defaultroute usepeerdns ttyACM0 230400 local debug -detach
ttyACM0 is to be substituted by whatever your device name is.
/etc/ppp/peers/verizon_chat:
ABORT 'NO CARRIER' ABORT 'ERROR' ABORT 'NO DIALTONE' ABORT 'BUSY' ABORT 'NO ANSWER' ATZ OK-AT-OK ATDT#777 CONNECT \d\c
Now just use pppd to start the connection:
[root@learned]# pppd call verizon Serial connection established. using channel 3 Using interface ppp0 Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/ttyACM0 sent [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0x93aa9b0b> <pcomp> <accomp>] rcvd [LCP ConfReq id=0x6 <mru 1500> <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0xa75f357> <pcomp> <accomp>] sent [LCP ConfAck id=0x6 <mru 1500> <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0xa75f357> <pcomp> <accomp>] rcvd [LCP ConfAck id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0x93aa9b0b> <pcomp> <accomp>] sent [CCP ConfReq id=0x1 <deflate 15> <deflate(old#) 15>] sent [IPCP ConfReq id=0x1 <compress VJ 0f 01> <addr 0.0.0.0> <ms-dns1 0.0.0.0> <ms-dns3 0.0.0.0>] rcvd [LCP DiscReq id=0x7 magic=0xa75f357] rcvd [IPCP ConfReq id=0x2 <addr 66.174.46.4>] sent [IPCP ConfAck id=0x2 <addr 66.174.46.4>] rcvd [LCP ProtRej id=0x8 80 fd 01 01 00 0c 1a 04 78 00 18 04 78 00] Protocol-Reject for 'Compression Control Protocol' (0x80fd) received rcvd [IPCP ConfRej id=0x1 <compress VJ 0f 01>] sent [IPCP ConfReq id=0x2 <addr 0.0.0.0> <ms-dns1 0.0.0.0> <ms-dns3 0.0.0.0>] rcvd [IPCP ConfNak id=0x2 <addr 70.218.107.232> <ms-dns1 69.78.96.14> <ms-dns3 66.174.92.14>] sent [IPCP ConfReq id=0x3 <addr 70.218.107.232> <ms-dns1 69.78.96.14> <ms-dns3 66.174.92.14>] rcvd [IPCP ConfAck id=0x3 <addr 70.218.107.232> <ms-dns1 69.78.96.14> <ms-dns3 66.174.92.14>] local IP address 70.218.107.232 remote IP address 66.174.46.4 primary DNS address 69.78.96.14 secondary DNS address 66.174.92.14 Script /etc/ppp/ip-up started (pid 8585) Script /etc/ppp/ip-up finished (pid 8585), status = 0x0 Terminating on signal 2 Connect time 1.9 minutes. Sent 13027 bytes, received 84 bytes. Script /etc/ppp/ip-down started (pid 8850) sent [LCP TermReq id=0x2 "User request"] rcvd [LCP TermAck id=0x2]
I did have to place the nameservers from /etc/ppp/resolve.conf into my /etc/resolve.conf before I could do name lookups as my /etc/resolve.conf referred to internal IP space for the nameserver.
And that's it, now I can use my work provided Verizon wireless PC card when I'm out and about and need interwebs.
